What to Study
Energy Resource
What is Energy
Meta
Challenges and Examples in Solar Energy
Conservation of Energy
Energy Crisis
Renewable Sources of Energy - Good Environment Practise (4)
1 Solar Energy
Not Reliable in on Photo Voltaic Cells
High Transparency is needed
2 Tidal Energy
3 Wind Energy
4 Geo Thermal Energy
Non Renewable Sources of Energy - From Fossils & Pollution Causing (4)
1 Coal
Justice Chandrachud - Coal is King of Fossil
NITI Aayog > 50% Energy is India
2 Petroleum
3 Natural Gas
4 Shale Gas
Mineral Resource
Metallic Minerals
Iron
Non Metallic Minerals
Lime Stone & Gypsum
Water Resource
Status of Water in India
Water Scarcity
Water Availability
Water Stress
Water Wars
Why Conservation of Water is Important
Rock System in India
Read After Revising Rock System of Phy Geography
Decentralisation of the Coal and Iron industry in Chinas Wuhan
Ipswitch - Goal
Types of Resources
- Renewable
- Non-Renewable (Energy)
Fossils - Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, Shale Gas
The Formation, Distribution, and Challenges
- Metallic - Iron
- Non Metallic - Limestone, Coal, Gypsum
What is a Feedstock
Feedstock is the Raw Material to Supply or Fuel a machine or Industrial Process
Example :
- NEPTA Obtained from Crude Oil is used in Manufacturing of Fertilisers and Gasolines
- Corns and Paddies used to produce Ethanol
- Soyabean Oil and Corn used for Production of Bio Diesel
- Sweet Gas of CH4, NH3 used for Manufacturing of Urea
Mains PYQP - Why Shale is not a Priority for US
Interlink with Industrial Agglomeration, Backward & Forward Linkages & Interdependence of Industries on Each Other
Shale Gas
Introduction to Shale Gas
Formation of Shale Gas
Resource - Ho Sakte Hain
Extraction of Shale Gas
Advantages of Shale Gas
Limitations and Drawbacks
- Leakage Detection and Laying Down of Pipeline is very difficult and costly
- No Fixed Price Mechanism due to Not so Global Trade
Shale Gas Reserves in India - Distribution
Shales Gas Technology in India
Problems with Shale Gas in India
The Land is a State Subject
Pipel Line Network Developed from 1940’s
Fracturing means Breaking for Frackling
Solutions to Indian Challenges of Shale Gas
Alternative to Shale Gas
Natural Gas
Introduction
Types
Trade in Unit of
Formation
Uses
Importance in India
External Shock - Imports
NG in World
NG in Russia (Russia-Ukraine War)
River Ob Forms - Esturarine Delta
Caspian Sea with River Volga makes Arcuade Delta
NG in Europe & North America
Albert - NearCalgaryy - Turner Valley
The Eastern Coast of North America has a very broad continental shelf
NG in Africa, Middle East & Asia
Distribution of NG in India
OPEC Organisation - Oil Petroleum Exporting Countries
Venezuela - Lake Mariciago around Caspian
Point 5 - Oil Prices Fell, USA Discovered SHale Gas, USA Petrol Demand Decreased, Hence, Crude Oil Rate Reduced
Russia has Hard Rock, Hence Drilling is Tough. USA Didnt Allow OPEC Meeting, Individual Sell and Reduced Cost
Knowledge of Ocean Part of Relief is Important
NG, ONGC, GAIL, Reliance KG
Generally, Fertiliser Industries are found Near Gas Industries
Natural Gas Refining
Bypass Pakistan from Chabahar Port, Iran → Underwater Ocean
ONGC - Oil and Natural gas Transporation, Hazeera Gujarat
Leading to Agglomeration of Industries - Multiplier Effect of Industry
GAIL - Gas Authority of India Limited
Reliance KG Basin
Petroleum & Mineral Oil in India
Intro and Constituents
Formation of Petro and Mineral Oil
Distribution
2
Oil Bearing Strata Extent in India - Distribution of Mineral Oil
Introduction
Onshore
Ports are of no use if there is no connectivity to the hinterland (inner land)
Offshore
Western Coast
Eastern Coast - Rawa Field Important - Oil to Kakinada, Refined in Gadimogha
Petroleum Refinery
Advantages of Pipeline
Types of Pipeline
Bihar Refinery → Gets Oil from Digboi Assam
Fertiliser Industry & Manufacturing
Requirements for Nitrogen 👇👇👇
Requirements for Phosphate & Potash 👇👇👇
Guan Sea-Bird - Peruvian Current, Cold Current!
Coal Industry & Energy
Introduction
Coal will become Extinct in Near Future as 50% of Energy is made from Thermal Power Plant - Report by NITI Aayog
Different Types of Coal
Tertiary - Assam and Kashmir
Distribution in India & Facts
Important Coal Mines
States by Reserves of Coal
States by Production
Check from Eco Survey
Facts and Reports by NITI Aayog
Pros and Cons of Coal-Based Power Plants
Coal Environmental Cess
Fact of NTPC
Coal-Based Clean Energy
Process of Coal Gasification - Can be used as an Alternative to Coal Pollution
Carbon Concentration with Time Does Not Increase - Only Proportion Does
Solar Industry & Energy
Introduction
Major Applications
Advantages of Solar Energy
Disadvantages
The scenario of Solar Energy in India
Indian Scheme: Saubhagya Scheme
Update from Focus and Compass
